Which class of antidepressants has been found not to increase the risk of congenital anomalies?

The class of antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is significant in perinatal mental health due to their safety profile related to congenital anomalies. Research indicates that while some medications during pregnancy can pose risks for birth defects, SSRIs have been extensively studied and have not been associated with a substantial increase in the risk of congenital anomalies when compared to the general population's baseline risk.

This makes SSRIs a commonly chosen option for treating depression and anxiety during pregnancy when the benefits to the mother outweigh potential risks to the fetus. The robust body of evidence supporting this safety profile provides reassurance for healthcare providers and patients alike.

In contrast, while there are important considerations for the use of tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in pregnancy, these classes do not share the same level of evidence supporting a lack of increased risk for congenital anomalies. Each of these has had instances where potential risks have been noted, which affects clinical decisions regarding their use during pregnancy.